Bwanji kumanga thanki yaikulu kwambiri yotere yosungiramo gasi?
Posachedwapa, malo atatu akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi adamangidwa ku China, ndipo nkhokwe zawo zidafika ma kiyubiki metres 270,000 pa thanki.Atatu ogwira ntchito nthawi imodzi amatha kupatsa anthu 60 miliyoni mpweya kwa miyezi iwiri.N’chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kumanga thanki yaikulu chonchi yosungiramo gasi?Njira yatsopano yopangira mphamvu ya gasi wachilengedwe
Monga dziko lalikulu logwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, China nthawi zonse idadalira malasha ngati gwero lalikulu lamphamvu.Komabe, ndi kutsutsana kwakukulu pakati pa chitukuko cha zachuma ndi kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, kuwonongeka kwa mpweya ndi zoopsa zina za chilengedwe zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha kugwiritsira ntchito malasha zikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo mphamvu zamagetsi ziyenera kusinthidwa mwamsanga kukhala mpweya wochepa, wokonda zachilengedwe komanso woyera.Gasi wachilengedwe ndi gwero lamphamvu lopanda mpweya komanso loyera, koma ndizovuta kusunga ndi kunyamula, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga momwe amakumbidwira.
Pambuyo pa kutulutsa mpweya wochepa kwambiri wa kutentha kwa gasi, gasi wachilengedwe wopangidwa ndi liquefied (LNG) amapangidwa.Chigawo chake chachikulu ndi methane.Akayaka, imawononga mpweya pang'ono kwambiri ndipo imatulutsa kutentha kwambiri.Chifukwa chake, LNG ndi gwero lamphamvu lamphamvu kwambiri ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi gwero lamphamvu kwambiri padziko lapansi.Liquefied natural gas (LNG) ndi wobiriwira, waudongo, wotetezeka komanso wothandiza, komanso wosavuta kusungidwa ndi kunyamula.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuposa gasi, ndipo mayiko omwe ali ndi chitetezo chapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi akulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito LNG.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuchuluka kwa gasi wachilengedwe wonyezimira ndi pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu ndi limodzi a gasi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kusunga 1 kiyubiki mita ya gasi wonyezimira ndikofanana ndi kusunga ma cubic metres 600 a gasi, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kuonetsetsa gasi wachilengedwe m’dzikoli.
Mu 2021, China idatulutsa matani 81.4 miliyoni a LNG, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yotulutsa LNG yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.Kodi tidzasunga bwanji LNG yochuluka chonchi?
Momwe mungasungire gasi wachilengedwe wokhala ndi liquefied
Gasi wachilengedwe wokhala ndi liquefied uyenera kusungidwa pa -162 ℃ kapena kutsika.Ngati kutentha kwachilengedwe kutayikira, kutentha kwa gasi wachilengedwe kumakwera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa mapaipi, mavavu komanso matanki.Pofuna kuonetsetsa kusungidwa kwa LNG, thanki yosungiramo iyenera kuzizira ngati mufiriji waukulu.
Bwanji kumanga thanki yaikulu kwambiri ya gasi?Chifukwa chachikulu chosankha kumanga thanki yayikulu kwambiri yosungiramo gasi ya 270,000-square-mita ndikuti chonyamulira chachikulu kwambiri cha LNG choyenda m'nyanja chili ndi mphamvu pafupifupi masikweya mita 275,000.Ngati sitima ya LNG itatumizidwa ku doko, imatha kukwezedwa mwachindunji mu tanki yosungiramo gasi yapamwamba kuti ikwaniritse zosowa zosungirako.Pamwamba, pakati ndi pansi pa tanki yosungiramo gasi wapamwamba kwambiri adapangidwa mwanzeru.Thonje lozizira lokhala ndi makulidwe okwana 1.2 mita pamwamba limalekanitsa mpweya mu thanki kuchokera padenga kuti muchepetse kusuntha;Pakati pa thanki ili ngati chophika mpunga, chodzaza ndi zipangizo zomwe zimakhala ndi matenthedwe otsika komanso ntchito yabwino yotetezera kutentha;Pansi pa thankiyi pamagwiritsa ntchito zigawo zisanu za zinthu zotchinjirizira zotenthetsera zatsopano - njerwa zamagalasi za thovu kuonetsetsa kuti pansi pa thanki musamazizira.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, njira yoyezera kutentha imakhazikitsidwa kuti ipereke alamu mu nthawi ngati pali kuzizira kozizira.Kutetezedwa kozungulira konse kumathetsa vuto losungirako gasi wachilengedwe wokhala ndi liquefied.
Ndizovuta kwambiri kupanga ndi kumanga thanki yayikulu yosungiramo zinthu zonse, zomwe ntchito ya dome ya tank yosungirako LNG ndi gawo lovuta kwambiri, lovuta komanso lowopsa pakukhazikitsa ndi kumanga.Kwa dome "yaikulu ya MAC" yotereyi, ofufuza amaika patsogolo luso la "kukweza gasi".Kukweza mpweya "ndi mtundu watsopano waukadaulo wonyamula mpweya, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa 500,000 cubic metres wowombedwa ndi faniyo kuti ikweze pang'onopang'ono dome la thanki yosungiramo gasi kupita pamalo omwe adayikidwiratu pamwamba."Ndizofanana ndi kudzaza mipira ya mpira 700 miliyoni mu thanki yosungiramo mpweya.Pofuna kuwomba behemoth iyi mpaka kutalika kwa mamita 60, omangawo anaika zowuzira zinayi za 110 kW monga mphamvu yamagetsi.Dome ikakwera pamalo omwe adakonzedweratu, iyenera kuwotcherera pamwamba pa khoma la thanki pansi pa chikhalidwe chosungira kupanikizika mu thanki, ndipo pamapeto pake kukweza denga kumalizikika.