Momwe mungadziwire kusintha kosasunthika kwa mpweya mu screw compressor
1. Makhalidwe a screw compressor
Ma screw compressor amapangidwa ndi zomangira zofananira, zolumikizirana chachikazi ndi chachimuna.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makina apakati ndi akulu a firiji kapena kukonza ma compressor a gasi pakuyenga ndi zomera zamankhwala.Kuponderezana kwa screw kumagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: screw single ndi twin screw.The screw compressor nthawi zambiri amatanthauza mapasa screw compressor.Screw compressor ali ndi izi:
(1) The screw compressor ili ndi dongosolo losavuta komanso magawo ochepa.Palibe zida zobvala monga ma valve, mphete za pistoni, ma rotor, ma bearings, ndi zina zotero, ndipo mphamvu zake ndi kukana kuvala ndizokwera kwambiri.
(2) The wononga kompresa ali ndi makhalidwe a kukakamizidwa mpweya kufala, ndiye kuti, voliyumu utsi pafupifupi osakhudzidwa ndi kuthamanga utsi, palibe kukwera kumachitika pamene utsi voliyumu ndi yaying'ono, ndipo akhoza kusunga kupanikizika mu osiyanasiyana. za mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito.Kuchita bwino kwambiri.
(3) The screw compressor sichimamva kwambiri nyundo yamadzimadzi ndipo imatha kukhazikika ndi jekeseni wamafuta.Choncho, pansi pa chiŵerengero chofanana cha kupanikizika, kutentha kwa kutentha kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kusiyana ndi mtundu wa pistoni, kotero kuti chiwerengero cha siteji imodzi ndichokwera kwambiri.
(4) Kusintha kwa ma slide valve kumatengedwa kuti azindikire kusintha kosasunthika kwa mphamvu.
2. Mfundo ya slide valve kusintha kwa screw compressor
Valve ya slide imagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera mphamvu mosasunthika.Pakuyambitsa kwabwinobwino, gawoli silimakwezedwa.Valve ya slide imayendetsedwa ndi gulu lowongolera laling'ono kudzera pamagetsi amafuta, kenako amasintha mphamvu yogwirira ntchito ya compressor.
Valavu yosinthira mphamvu ndi gawo lachipangidwe lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha kuchuluka kwa voliyumu mu screw compressor.Ngakhale pali njira zambiri zosinthira kuchuluka kwa voliyumu ya screw compressor, njira yosinthira pogwiritsa ntchito slide valve yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, makamaka popanga jekeseni.Firiji yopangira mafuta ndi ma compressor opangira makina ndizodziwika kwambiri.Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1, njira yosinthira iyi ndikuyika valavu yosinthira pa screw compressor body ndikukhala gawo la thupi la compressor.Ili pa mphambano ya mabwalo awiri amkati kumbali yothamanga kwambiri ya thupi ndipo imatha kuyenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo motsatira njira yofanana ndi cylinder axis.
Mfundo ya slide valve kuti isinthe kuchuluka kwa voliyumu ya screw compressor imachokera ku machitidwe ogwirira ntchito a screw compressor.Mu screw compressor, pamene rotor imazungulira, kupanikizika kwa mpweya woponderezedwa kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono pa olamulira a rotor.Pankhani ya malo, imasuntha pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kumapeto kwa compressor kupita kumapeto.Pambuyo pa kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa thupi kutsegulidwa, pamene ma rotor awiri ayamba kugwedeza ndikuyesera kuonjezera mphamvu ya mpweya, mpweya wina udzadutsa potsegula.Mwachiwonekere, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wodutsa kumakhudzana ndi kutalika kwa kutsegula.Pamene mzere wolumikizana ukupita kumapeto kwa kutsegulira, mpweya wotsalawo umatsekedwa kwathunthu, ndipo ndondomeko ya mkati imayambira panthawiyi.Ntchito yopangidwa ndi screw compressor pa gasi wodutsa kuchokera pachitseko amangogwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa.Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa kompresa makamaka ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito yomwe yachitika kuti iphanize mpweya womwe watulutsidwa komanso kugunda kwa makina.Chifukwa chake, pomwe valavu yosinthira mphamvu ikagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha kuchuluka kwa voliyumu ya screw compressor, compressor imatha kukhala yogwira ntchito kwambiri pansi pakusintha.
Mu ma compressor enieni, nthawi zambiri sakhala bowo mubokosi, koma mawonekedwe a porous.Valavu ya slide imasuntha mu poyambira pansi pa rotor ndipo imalola kusintha kosalekeza kwa kukula kwa kutsegula.Mpweya wotulutsidwa kuchokera pachitseko udzabwerera ku doko loyamwa la kompresa.Popeza kompresa sigwira ntchito mbali imeneyi ya gasi, kutentha kwake sikukwera, choncho sifunika kuziziritsidwa isanafike pa gasi wamba pa doko loyamwa..
Valve ya slide imatha kusuntha mbali iliyonse malinga ndi zofunikira za dongosolo lowongolera.Pali njira zambiri zoyendetsera.Njira yodziwika kwambiri ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito silinda ya hydraulic, ndipo dongosolo lamafuta la screw compressor palokha limapereka mphamvu yofunikira yamafuta.M'makina ochepa, valavu ya slide imayendetsedwa ndi injini yochepetsedwa.
Mwachidziwitso, spool iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi yozungulira.Mofananamo, mtunda wofunikira kuti valavu ya slide isunthike kuchoka ku katundu wathunthu kupita ku katundu wopanda kanthu iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi rotor, ndipo silinda ya hydraulic iyeneranso kukhala yofanana.Komabe, chizolowezi chatsimikizira kuti ngakhale kutalika kwa valavu ya slide ndi yayifupi pang'ono, machitidwe abwino owongolera amatha kukwaniritsidwa.Izi zili choncho chifukwa pamene kutsegulira kodutsa kumatsegulidwa koyamba pafupi ndi nkhope yotsekemera, malo ake ndi ochepa kwambiri, kupanikizika kwa mpweya kumakhala kochepa kwambiri panthawiyi, ndipo nthawi yomwe imatengera mano a rotor meshing kuti asese potsegula. lalifupi kwambiri, kotero padzakhala pang'ono chabe Ena mwa gasi amatulutsidwa.Choncho, kutalika kwenikweni kwa valve slide kumatha kuchepetsedwa kufika pafupifupi 70% ya kutalika kwa gawo logwira ntchito la rotor, ndipo gawo lotsalalo limapangidwa mokhazikika, motero kuchepetsa kukula kwa compressor.
Makhalidwe a valavu yosinthira slide amasiyana ndi mainchesi a rotor.Izi zili choncho chifukwa dera la doko lodutsa chifukwa cha kayendedwe ka slide valve ndilofanana ndi lalikulu la mita imodzi ya rotor, pamene mphamvu ya mpweya mu chipinda choponderezedwa ndi yofanana ndi kukula kwa rotor.Molingana ndi cube ya .Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti compressor ikakakamiza gasi, imawonjezeranso kukakamiza kwamafuta obaya, ndipo pamapeto pake imawatulutsa limodzi ndi mpweya.Kuti mafuta azituluka mosalekeza, kuchuluka kwa utsi wothira kuyenera kusungidwa.Apo ayi, pansi pazifukwa zopanda katundu, mafuta adzaunjikana mu chipinda choponderezedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya wa compressor usathe kupitiriza kugwira ntchito.Kuti mafuta azituluka mosalekeza, kuchuluka kwa voliyumu pafupifupi 10% kumafunika.Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa ma volumetric a kompresa kuyenera kukhala ziro.Panthawiyi, chitoliro chodutsa nthawi zambiri chimakonzedwa pakati pa kuyamwa ndi kutulutsa mpweya.Pamene katundu wa zero akufunika, chitoliro chodutsa chimatsegulidwa kuti chigwirizane ndi kuyamwa ndi kutuluka..
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito valavu yosinthira mphamvu kuti musinthe kuchuluka kwa voliyumu ya screw compressor, malo abwino ndikusunga chiwopsezo chamkati kukhala chofanana ndi katundu wathunthu panthawi yosintha.Komabe, n'zoonekeratu kuti pamene slide valavu imayenda ndipo kuchuluka kwa volumetric kwa compressor kumakhala kochepa, kutalika kogwira ntchito kwa wononga kumakhala kocheperako ndipo nthawi yamkati yamkati imakhala yaying'ono, kotero kuti chiŵerengero chapakati chapakati chiyenera kukhala chochepa. kuchepetsedwa.
M'mapangidwe enieni, valavu ya slide imakhala ndi dzenje lotulutsa mpweya, lomwe limayenda axially ndi slide valve.Mwanjira iyi, mbali imodzi, kutalika kwa makina opangira wononga kumachepetsedwa, ndipo kumbali ina, mpweya wotulutsa mpweya wa radial umachepetsedwanso, kuti utalikitse nthawi yamkati yamkati ndikuwonjezera chiŵerengero cha mkati.Pamene ma radial exhaust orifice pa slide valve ndi axial exhaust orifice pa chivundikiro chomaliza amapangidwa kukhala osiyana mkati, kuthamanga kwapakati kungapitirire kukhala kofanana ndi katundu wathunthu panthawi yokonza mkati mwamtundu wina. .Momwemonso.
Pamene voliyumu yosinthira slide ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kusintha nthawi imodzi kukula kwa ma radial exhaust orifice a screw machine ndi kutalika kwa gawo logwira ntchito la rotor, mgwirizano pakati pa kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kwa makina opangira wononga ndi kuthamanga kwa voliyumu kuli mkati mwa kayendedwe ka voliyumu. kusintha osiyanasiyana 100-50%.Mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimachepa pafupifupi mofanana ndi kuchepa kwa kayendedwe ka volumetric, kusonyeza chuma chabwino cha kayendetsedwe ka slide valve.Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti kumapeto kwa kayendetsedwe ka valve ya slide, kuthamanga kwa mkati kudzapitirirabe kuchepa mpaka kuchepetsedwa kukhala 1. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndi phokoso lamagetsi pa nthawiyi ikhale yosiyana kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mkhalidwe wabwino.Kukula kwa kupatuka kumadalira kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwakunja kwa makina omata.Ngati kupanikizika kwakunja komwe kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kabwino kakeZitha kuwoneka kuchokera pano kuti phindu lalikulu la kugwiritsa ntchito slide slide valve ndiloti mphamvu yoyambira ya screw machine ndi yaying'ono kwambiri.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a slide valve, pamwamba pa slide valve imakhala ngati gawo la screw compressor cylinder.Pali mpweya wotulutsa mpweya pa slide valve, ndipo gawo lake lapansi limagwiranso ntchito monga chitsogozo cha kayendedwe ka axial, kotero kuti zofunikira za makina olondola ndizokwera kwambiri., zomwe zidzapangitse kuwonjezereka kwa ndalama zopangira.Makamaka mu ma compressor ang'onoang'ono, mtengo wopangira ma slide valve udzawerengera gawo lalikulu.Kuonjezera apo, pofuna kutsimikizira ntchito yodalirika ya makina opangira ma screw, kusiyana pakati pa valve slide ndi rotor nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakukulu kusiyana ndi kusiyana pakati pa dzenje la cylinder ndi rotor.M'makina ang'onoang'ono a screw, kusiyana kumeneku kudzakhudzanso magwiridwe antchito a kompresa.Kutsika kwakukulu.Pofuna kuthana ndi zolakwika zomwe zili pamwambazi, popanga makina ang'onoang'ono opangira ma screw, ma valve angapo osavuta komanso otsika mtengo owongolera angagwiritsidwenso ntchito.
Mapangidwe osavuta a valavu a spool okhala ndi mabowo odutsa pakhoma la silinda omwe amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a helical a rotor, zomwe zimalola kuti mpweya utuluke m'mabowo awa osaphimbidwa.Valavu yojambulidwa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi "valvu yozungulira" yokhala ndi thupi lozungulira.Ikazungulira, imatha kuphimba kapena kutsegula dzenje lodutsa lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi chipinda chopondera.Popeza valavu ya slide imangofunika kuzungulira panthawiyi, kutalika kwa compressor kumatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri.Chiwembu chokonzekera ichi chingathe kupereka kusintha kosalekeza kwa mphamvu.Komabe, popeza kukula kwa dzenje la utsi sikunasinthe, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yamkati kumatsika pamene kutsitsa kumayamba.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chifukwa cha dzenje lodutsa pakhoma la silinda, kuchuluka kwa "clearance volume" kumapangidwa.Mpweya womwe uli mkati mwa voliyumuyi udzadutsa mobwerezabwereza ndi njira zowonjezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa volumetric ndi adiabatic kwa compressor.
3. Njira yosinthira valavu ya slide ya screw compressor
Mwa kusuntha valavu ya slide kumanzere ndi kumanja, mphamvu yopondereza yogwira mtima imawonjezeka kapena kuchepetsedwa, ndipo voliyumu yopereka mpweya imasinthidwa.Mukatsitsa: pisitoni imasunthira kumanzere ndipo valavu ya slide imasunthira kumanzere ndipo voliyumu yopereka mpweya imawonjezeka;potsitsa: pisitoni imasunthira kumanja ndipo valavu yolowera imasunthira kumanja ndipo kuchuluka kwa mpweya kumachepa.
4. Chiyembekezo chakugwiritsa ntchito kwa screw compressor slide valve kusintha
Nthawi zambiri, ma compressor opanda mafuta sagwiritsa ntchito chida chosinthira mphamvu kuti asinthe ma slide valve.Izi ndichifukwa choti chipinda chopondera chamtundu uwu wa kompresa sichimangokhala opanda mafuta komanso kutentha kwambiri.Izi zimapangitsa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowongolera ma slide valve kukhala zovuta mwaukadaulo.
Mu makina opangira jekeseni opangira mafuta, popeza sing'anga yoponderezedwa imakhalabe yosasinthika ndipo mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito amakhazikika, chipangizo chosinthira mphamvu cha slide valve sichimagwiritsidwa ntchito.Makina osinthira pafupipafupi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mawonekedwe a kompresa kukhala osavuta momwe angathere ndikusintha kuti agwirizane ndi zosowa za kupanga kwakukulu..
Ndikoyenera kunena kuti chifukwa cha chipangizo chosinthira mphamvu chomwe chimasintha valavu ya slide, compressor imatha kukhala yogwira ntchito kwambiri pansi pakusintha magwiridwe antchito.M'zaka zaposachedwa, zida zosinthira mphamvu zakhala zikugwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga ma screw compressor opanda mafuta ndi ma compressor a air-injected screw air.Imasintha chizolowezi cha slide valve.
Mufiriji yobayidwa ndi mafuta ndi ma compressor opangira ma slide, ma valve osinthira ma slide amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kusintha kuchuluka kwa voliyumu ya screw compressor.Ngakhale njira yosinthira voliyumu iyi ndi yovuta kwambiri, imatha kusintha mosalekeza komanso mopanda pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa utsi, komanso mphamvu yake imakhalanso yayikulu.
Ndemanga: Nkhaniyi yapangidwanso kuchokera pa intaneti.Zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi ndi zophunzirira komanso kulumikizana kokha.Air Compressor Network salowerera ndale pokhudzana ndi malingaliro omwe ali m'nkhaniyi.Ufulu wa nkhaniyo ndi wa wolemba woyambirira komanso nsanja.Ngati pali kuphwanya kulikonse, chonde titumizireni kuti tichotse.