Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane kapangidwe ka mkati ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za kompresa wobwerezabwereza
Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane mawonekedwe amkati a kompresa wobwerezabwereza
Ma compressor obwereza amapangidwa makamaka ndi thupi, crankshaft, ndodo yolumikizira, gulu la pisitoni, valavu ya mpweya, shaft seal, pampu yamafuta, chipangizo chosinthira mphamvu, makina ozungulira mafuta ndi zinthu zina.
Zotsatirazi ndizofotokozera mwachidule za zigawo zazikulu za kompresa.
thupi
Thupi la kompresa wobwereza lili ndi magawo awiri: cylinder block ndi crankcase, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaponyedwa lonse pogwiritsa ntchito chitsulo champhamvu kwambiri cha imvi (HT20-40).Ndi thupi lomwe limathandizira kulemera kwa cylinder liner, crankshaft yolumikizira ndodo ndi ziwalo zina zonse ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pali malo oyenera pakati pa zigawozo.Silinda imatengera kapangidwe ka silinda ya silinda ndipo imayikidwa mu dzenje la mpando wa silinda pa cylinder block kuti zithandizire kukonza kapena kusinthira pomwe silinda liner yavala.
crankshaft
Crankshaft ndi imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za kompresa yobwereza ndipo imatumiza mphamvu zonse za kompresa.Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikusintha kayendedwe ka injini kuti ikhale yobwerezabwereza ya pistoni kudzera mu ndodo yolumikizira.Crankshaft ikamayenda, imakhala ndi mikwingwirima yambiri, kupsinjika, kumeta ubweya, kupindika ndi kugwedezeka.Zomwe zimagwirira ntchito ndizovuta ndipo zimafuna mphamvu zokwanira ndi kuuma komanso kukana kuvala kwa magazini yayikulu ndi crankpin.Chifukwa chake, crankshaft nthawi zambiri imapangidwa kuchokera ku 40, 45 kapena 50-chabwino kwambiri cha carbon steel.
ulalo
Ndodo yolumikizira ndi chidutswa cholumikizira pakati pa crankshaft ndi pisitoni.Imatembenuza kusuntha kwa crankshaft kukhala pisitoni yobwerezabwereza, ndikutumiza mphamvu ku pisitoni kuti igwire ntchito pa gasi.Chingwe cholumikizira chimaphatikizapo thupi la ndodo yolumikizira, ndodo yolumikizira nthiti yaying'ono, ndodo yolumikizira chitsamba chachikulu ndi bawuti yolumikizira.Mapangidwe a ndodo yolumikizira akuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 7. Thupi la ndodo yolumikizira limanyamula katundu wosinthasintha komanso wopondereza panthawi yogwira ntchito, motero nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi chitsulo chapakatikati cha carbon kapena chitsulo cha ductile (monga QT40-10).Thupi la ndodo nthawi zambiri limatenga gawo lofanana ndi I ndipo bowo lalitali limabowoleredwa pakati ngati njira yamafuta..
mtanda mutu
Crosshead ndi chigawo chomwe chimagwirizanitsa ndodo ya pistoni ndi ndodo yolumikizira.Zimapangitsa kuyenda kobwerezabwereza pakati pa njanji yowongolera thupi ndikutumiza mphamvu ya ndodo yolumikizira ku chigawo cha pisitoni.Chopingasacho chimapangidwa makamaka ndi thupi lopingasa, pini yopingasa, nsapato yopingasa ndi chipangizo chomangira.Zomwe zimafunikira pamutuwu ndi kukhala wopepuka, wosavala komanso kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira.Thupi la crosshead ndi mawonekedwe a cylindrical okhala ndi mbali ziwiri, omwe amayikidwa ndi nsapato zotsetsereka kudzera m'malilime ndi poyambira ndikulumikizana ndi zomangira.Nsapato yotsetsereka ya crosshead ndi mawonekedwe osinthika, okhala ndi alloy alloy pamtunda wothamanga ndi ma groove amafuta ndi njira zamafuta.Zikhomo za Crosshead zimagawidwa kukhala zikhomo za cylindrical ndi tapered, zobowoleredwa ndi shaft ndi mabowo amafuta ozungulira.
chodzaza
Kulongedza makamaka ndi gawo lomwe limasindikiza kusiyana pakati pa silinda ndi ndodo ya pistoni.Zitha kuteteza gasi kuti asatuluke mu silinda kulowa mu fuselage.Ma compressor ena amagawika m'magulu olongedza komanso magulu opakira motengera gasi kapena zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amafuna kuti azitha kupsa mtima.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mpweya wapoizoni, woyaka, wophulika, wamtengo wapatali, wopanda mafuta ndi ma compressor ena.Magulu awiri a magulu onyamula katundu ndi Pali chipinda pakati.
Kupakiratu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kusindikiza gasi mu silinda ya kompresa kuti asatuluke.Kunyamula kumbuyo kumagwira ntchito ngati chisindikizo chothandizira.Mphete yosindikiza nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi chisindikizo chanjira ziwiri.Pali cholowera cha gasi choteteza chomwe chimakonzedwa mkati mwa mphete yosindikizira.Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuphatikiza ndi mphete yamafuta.Palibe malo opaka mafuta komanso chipangizo chozizirira.
Gulu la Piston
Gulu la pisitoni ndilo liwu loti pisitoni ndodo, pisitoni, mphete ya pisitoni ndi mphete yothandizira.Moyendetsedwa ndi ndodo yolumikizira, gulu la pisitoni limapanga kusuntha kwa mzere mu silinda, motero kupanga voliyumu yogwira ntchito yosinthika pamodzi ndi silinda kuti ikwaniritse kuyamwa, kuponderezana, kutulutsa ndi zina.
Ndodo ya pisitoni imalumikiza pisitoni kumutu, imatumiza mphamvu yomwe ikugwira pisitoni, ndikuyendetsa pisitoniyo kuti isunthe.Kulumikizana pakati pa pisitoni ndi ndodo ya pisitoni nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri: phewa la cylindrical ndi kulumikizana kwa cone.
Mphete ya pistoni ndi gawo lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza kusiyana pakati pa galasi la silinda ndi pisitoni.Imagwiranso ntchito yogawa mafuta komanso kuyendetsa kutentha.Zofunikira zazikulu za mphete za pistoni ndikusindikiza kodalirika komanso kukana kuvala.Mphete yothandizira imathandizira kulemera kwa pisitoni ndi pisitoni ndodo ndikuwongolera pisitoni, koma ilibe ntchito yosindikiza.
Silinda ikathiridwa mafuta, mphete ya pistoni imagwiritsa ntchito mphete yachitsulo kapena mphete yapulasitiki ya PTFE yodzaza;pamene kuthamanga kuli kwakukulu, mphete ya pistoni yamkuwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito;mphete yothandizira imagwiritsa ntchito mphete ya pulasitiki kapena alloy yonyamula imaponyedwa mwachindunji pa thupi la pistoni.Silinda ikathiridwa mafuta popanda mafuta, mphete zothandizira mphete za pisitoni zimadzazidwa ndi mphete zapulasitiki za polytetrafluoroethylene.
mpweya valve
Vavu ya mpweya ndi gawo lofunikira la kompresa ndipo ndi gawo lovala.Ubwino wake ndi ntchito yake imakhudza mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa kufalikira kwa mpweya, kutaya mphamvu ndi kudalirika kwa ntchito ya kompresa.Vavu ya mpweya imakhala ndi valavu yoyamwa ndi valve yotulutsa mpweya.Nthawi iliyonse pisitoni ikabwerera mmwamba ndi pansi, mavavu oyamwa ndi otulutsa amatsegula ndi kutseka nthawi iliyonse, motero amawongolera kompresa ndikulola kuti amalize njira zinayi zogwirira ntchito za kuyamwa, kukanikizana, ndi utsi.
Ma valve a air compressor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amagawidwa kukhala ma valavu a mauna ndi ma valve annular malinga ndi kapangidwe ka mbale.
Valve ya annular imapangidwa ndi mpando wa valve, mbale ya valve, kasupe, kukweza malire, kulumikiza mabotolo ndi mtedza, ndi zina zotero.Chiwerengero cha mphete chikhoza kusinthidwa kuti chigwirizane ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za gasi.Kuipa kwa ma valve a annular ndi chakuti mphete za mbale za valve zimalekanitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukwaniritsa masitepe okhazikika panthawi yotsegula ndi kutseka ntchito, motero kuchepetsa mphamvu yothamanga kwa mpweya ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu.Zomwe zimasuntha monga mbale ya valve zimakhala ndi misa yambiri, ndipo pali kukangana pakati pa mbale ya valve ndi chipika chowongolera.Ma valve a mphete nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito akasupe a cylindrical (kapena conical) ndi zinthu zina, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti sikophweka kuti mbale ya valve itsegule ndi kutseka nthawi yomwe ikuyenda.,mwachangu.Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya valve plate, kuvala kumakhala koopsa.
Ma valavu a valve ya mesh amalumikizidwa palimodzi mu mphete kuti apange mawonekedwe a mesh, ndipo mbale imodzi kapena zingapo zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi ma valavu amakonzedwa pakati pa mbale ya valve ndi chowongolera chokweza.Ma valavu a mesh ndi oyenerera pazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi pamagawo otsika komanso apakatikati.Komabe, chifukwa cha dongosolo lovuta la mbale ya mesh valve ndi kuchuluka kwa zigawo za valve, kukonza kumakhala kovuta ndipo mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba.Kuwonongeka kwa gawo lililonse la mbale ya valve kumapangitsa kuti mbale yonse ya valve iwonongeke.
Chodzikanira: Nkhaniyi idapangidwanso kuchokera pa intaneti.Zomwe zili m'nkhaniyi ndi zophunzirira komanso kulumikizana kokha.Malingaliro omwe afotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi salowerera ndale.Ufulu wa nkhaniyo ndi wa wolemba woyambirira komanso nsanja.Ngati pali kuphwanya kulikonse, chonde titumizireni kuti tichotse.
