Sungani tsopano!Mavuto wamba ndi chithandizo cha majenereta a nayitrogeni omwe kuyera kwawo sikuli koyenera (Gawo 2)
Monga tonse tikudziwira, kuyera kwa jenereta ya nayitrogeni ndikofunikira pakupanga.Chidetso cha nayitrogeni osati kumakhudza maonekedwe kuwotcherera, komanso kumabweretsa mankhwala makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi ndondomeko kupunduka, ndipo ngakhale kuchititsa ngozi yaikulu chitetezo mu mafakitale mankhwala ndi moto kuzimitsa.
Nkhani yapitayi "Mavuto Odziwika ndi Kuchiza kwa Kuyeretsa Kopanda Muyeso wa Nayitrogeni Majenereta" adagawana ubale pakati pa kusayera kwa nayitrogeni mu majenereta a nayitrogeni ndi kulephera kwa makina kwa zida zomwezo ndi machitidwe othandizira, komanso zotsatira zake ndi mayankho.M'nkhaniyi, tidzagawananso zinthu zouma kuchokera kuzinthu zakunja: mphamvu ya kutentha kwa chilengedwe cha zipangizo, mpweya wa mame (chinyezi), ndi mafuta otsalira a mpweya pa chiyero cha jenereta ya nayitrogeni ndi ntchito ya zipangizo.
1.
Zida zopangira nayitrojeni zimapangidwira ndi malo ogwira ntchito okhazikika a zipangizozo, nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa 0-45 ° C, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zipangizozi zimatha kuchita bwino mkati mwa kutentha kumeneku.M'malo mwake, ngati ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kunja kwa kutentha komwe kunapangidwira, idzabweretsa mavuto monga kuwonongeka kwa ntchito ndi kulephera kwakukulu.
Kutentha kozungulira kupitirira 45 ° C, kutentha kwa mpweya wa compressor kumakhala kokwera kwambiri, zomwe zidzawonjezera katundu pa chowumitsira chowumitsa.Nthawi yomweyo, zitha kupangitsa kuti chowumitsira kuzizira chiyende pa kutentha kwakukulu.Mame a mpweya woponderezedwa sangatsimikizidwe, zomwe zidzakhudza kwambiri jenereta ya nayitrogeni.zotsatira.Pansi pa chiyero chofanana, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa nayitrogeni kudzatsika ndi 20%;ngati kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa nayitrogeni sikunasinthe, kuyera kwa mpweya wa nayitrogeni sikungakwaniritse zofunikira za mapangidwe.Kupyolera mu kuyesa kwa labotale yokwera ndi yotsika kutentha, tinapeza kuti kutentha kozungulira kumakhala kotsika kuposa -20 ° C, zipangizo zina zamagetsi sizingayambike, kapena zochitikazo zimakhala zachilendo, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti jenereta ya nayitrogeni isayambe kugwira ntchito.
yankho
Pofuna kukonza malo a chipinda cha makompyuta, mpweya wolowera mpweya uyenera kukonzedwa bwino m'chilimwe, ndipo kutentha kuyenera kuwonjezeka m'nyengo yozizira kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwa chipinda cha makompyuta kumakhala koyenera.
2.
Chinyezi (mame oponderezedwa) mu mpweya woponderezedwa chimakhudza mwachindunji jenereta ya nayitrogeni/carbon molecular sieve, motero jenereta ya nayitrogeni imakhala ndi zofunika kwambiri paubwino wa mpweya woponderezedwa kutsogolo.
Zomwe zimachitika pakuchotsa madzi komanso kulekanitsa madzi kwa chowumitsira chozizira pa jenereta ya nayitrogeni:
Mlandu 1: Wogwiritsa ntchito sanakhazikitse chotsitsa chodziwikiratu pa tanki yosungira mpweya ya air compressor, ndipo samakhetsa madzi pafupipafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chinyezi chachikulu mumlengalenga wa chowumitsira chozizira, komanso fyuluta yachitatu mpweya wolowera ndi kutuluka kwa chowumitsira chozizira sichinakhazikitse drainer Ndipo kutulutsa madzi nthawi zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azikhala okwera kwambiri m'dongosolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti fyuluta ya carbon yomwe imayikidwa kumapeto kwake itenge madzi ndikupanga midadada kuti itseke mpweya wopanikizika. payipi, ndipo kuthamanga kwa madyedwe kumachepetsedwa (osadya mokwanira), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti jenereta ya nayitrogeni isakwaniritsidwe.Vutoli linathetsedwa powonjezera ngalandeyi pambuyo pa kusintha.
Mlandu 2: Cholekanitsa madzi cha chowumitsira chozizira cha wogwiritsa ntchito sichabwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi ozizira asasiyanitsidwe munthawi yake.Pambuyo pamadzi ambiri amadzimadzi amalowa mu jenereta ya nayitrogeni, ma valve 2 a solenoid amathyoledwa mkati mwa sabata, ndipo mkati mwa piston ya mpando wa valve piston wawonongeka kwathunthu.Ndi madzi amadzimadzi, omwe amachititsa kuti chisindikizo cha pistoni chiwonongeke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti valavu igwire ntchito molakwika, ndipo jenereta ya nayitrogeni silingagwire ntchito bwino.Pambuyo pochotsa chowumitsira chowumitsira madzi, vuto linathetsedwa.
1) Pali ma micropores pamwamba pa sieve ya carbon molecular, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsatsa mamolekyu okosijeni (monga momwe tawonetsera pachithunzichi).Madzi omwe ali mumlengalenga woponderezedwa ali olemera kwambiri, ma micropores a sieve ya molekyulu adzachepa ndipo fumbi pamwamba pa sieve ya molekyulu lidzagwa, zomwe zidzatsekereza ma micropores a sieve ndikupangitsa kuti sieve yolemera ya Carbon molecular sieve. sikungathe kutulutsa mpweya wa nayitrogeni ndi ukhondo wa nayitrogeni wofunidwa ndi mlingowo.
Ndibwino kuti ogwiritsa ntchito akhazikitse chowumitsira adsorption polowera kwa jenereta ya nayitrogeni kuti achepetse madzi omwe ali mu mpweya woponderezedwa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti sieve ya carbon molecular siiipitsidwa ndi mafuta olemera ndi madzi olemera.Nthawi zambiri, moyo wautumiki wa sieve yama cell ukhoza kukulitsidwa ndi zaka 3-5 (malinga ndi mulingo wachiyero).
3.
Mmene mafuta alili mu mpweya woponderezedwa pa jenereta ya nayitrogeni/sefa ya mamolekyu:
1) Pamtundu uliwonse wa sieve ya maselo, zigawo zosafunikira zimawonetsedwa kudzera mu ma micropores pamwamba pa sieve ya maselo kuti tipeze zinthu zomwe timafunikira.Koma ma sieve onse a maselo amawopa kuipitsidwa kwa mafuta, ndipo kuipitsidwa kwamafuta kotsalira sikungasinthenso kuipitsidwa kwa ma molekyulu, kotero polowera kwa jenereta ya nayitrogeni kumakhala ndi zofunika zokhuza mafuta.
2) Monga momwe tawonera pamwambapa, madontho amafuta amaphimba ma micropores pamwamba pa sieve ya maselo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mamolekyu a okosijeni asalowe mu ma micropores ndikukopeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa nayitrogeni, kapena potengera kuwonetsetsa kuti madzi akuyenda bwino, chiyero cha nayitrogeni sichikhala chokwanira mkati mwa zaka 5.
Njira zowongolera pamavuto omwe ali pamwambapa: Samalani ndi mpweya wabwino wa chipinda cha makina, kuchepetsa kutentha kozungulira, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta otsalira mumpweya woponderezedwa;limbitsa chitetezo kudzera mu zowumitsira ozizira, zowumitsa zoyamwa, zosefera, ndi zochotsera mpweya wa carbon;nthawi zonse m'malo / kusunga zida zakutsogolo za jenereta ya nayitrogeni, Kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino wothinikizidwa ungathe kuteteza kwambiri ndikukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa majenereta a nayitrogeni komanso magwiridwe antchito a sieve a carbon molecular.
4.
Kufotokozera mwachidule: zinthu zakunja monga kutentha kwa chipinda cha makina, madzi ndi mafuta omwe ali mu mpweya woponderezedwa zidzakhudza kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zipangizo zopangira nayitrogeni, makamaka chowumitsira chozizira, chowumitsira madzi ndi fyuluta kutsogolo. makina opanga nayitrogeni adzakhudza mwachindunji zida zopangira nayitrogeni.Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa jenereta ya nayitrogeni, kotero kusankha kwa zida zapamwamba komanso zowumitsira bwino ndizofunikira kwambiri pa jenereta ya nayitrogeni.
Opanga majenereta ambiri a nayitrogeni sapanga zida zoyeretsera mpweya wakutsogolo.Dongosolo la jenereta la nayitrojeni likakanika, zimakhala zosavuta kwa opanga majenereta a nayitrogeni ndi opanga zowumitsira kuti azemberana wina ndi mnzake ndikusatengerana udindo.
Monga katundu wabwino kwambiri wa zinthu zoponderezedwa za mpweya, EPS ili ndi unyolo wathunthu, womwe ungapereke makasitomala ndi zida zonse monga zowumitsira, zowumitsira, zosefera, majenereta a nayitrogeni omwe amapangidwa ndi kupanga, apamwamba kwambiri. zogulitsa zili ndi majenereta apamwamba kwambiri a nayitrogeni, kuti makasitomala athe kugula ndikugwiritsa ntchito molimba mtima!